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A large gap to m448N means the model over-fits the open cells.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "cycle", "label": "m448 LA92 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 100, 99.89, 99.26, 99.13, 97.97, 97.85, 97.72, 97.31, 96.17, 96.17, 95.44, 95.46, 94.81, 94.81, 94.5, 94.47, 93.56, 93.56, 92.79, 92.67, 92.2, 92.25, 91.03, 91.03, 90.22, 90.21, 90.01, 89.99, 89.55, 89.49, 88.13, 88.23, 87.76, 87.8, 86.47, 86.66, 86.11, 86.11, 85.63, 85.62, 85.06, 85.14, 83.7, 83.87, 83.35, 83.43, 82.12, 82.12, 81.69, 81.84, 81.17, 81.25, 80.79, 80.76, 79.83, 79.81, 79.26, 79.21, 78.57, 78.54, 77.66, 77.71, 76.82, 76.79, 76.87, 76.69, 76.02, 76, 74.88, 75.04, 74.52, 74.51, 73.38, 73.48, 72.93, 72.96, 72.4, 72.39, 71.86, 71.89, 70.49, 70.72, 70.17, 70.08, 68.85, 69.2, 68.53, 68.66, 67.99, 68.04, 67.47, 67.6, 66.44, 66.31, 65.95, 65.93, 64.98, 64.97, 64.41, 64.44, 63.58, 63.63, 63.29, 63.38, 62.6, 62.59, 61.59, 61.71, 61.18, 61.22, 59.93, 60.08, 59.39, 59.39, 59.09, 59.04, 58.46, 58.53, 57.61, 57.29, 56.77, 56.83, 55.41, 55.65, 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Estimators tuned on discharge often mis-track during charging.", "cycle": "CC_CV_charge", "group": "cycle", "label": "m80 CC_CV_charge at 25 °C", "actual": [ 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.44, 6.24, 6.28, 9.27, 9.38, 12.23, 12.29, 15.31, 15.33, 18.32, 18.4, 21.35, 21.39, 24.37, 24.46, 27.38, 27.51, 30.41, 30.43, 33.42, 33.44, 36.45, 36.47, 39.45, 39.48, 42.48, 42.51, 45.44, 45.51, 48.52, 48.54, 51.52, 51.55, 54.55, 54.59, 57.56, 57.6, 60.57, 60.68, 63.6, 63.62, 66.62, 66.65, 69.63, 69.65, 72.66, 72.7, 75.67, 75.69, 78.57, 78.6, 80.96, 80.98, 82.93, 82.94, 84.63, 84.67, 86.09, 86.1, 87.39, 87.4, 88.53, 88.54, 89.57, 89.58, 90.49, 90.5, 91.3, 91.33, 92.06, 92.08, 92.73, 92.76, 93.37, 93.37, 93.93, 93.94, 94.44, 94.45, 94.92, 94.92, 95.35, 95.36, 95.75, 95.75, 96.11, 96.12, 96.43, 96.46, 96.77, 96.79, 97.06, 97.06, 97.33, 97.33, 97.58, 97.59, 97.81, 97.82, 98.02, 98.04, 98.24, 98.25, 98.43, 98.43, 98.61, 98.62, 98.78, 98.79, 98.93, 98.94, 99.07, 99.09, 99.22, 99.22, 99.34, 99.36, 99.47, 99.48, 99.59, 99.6, 99.7, 99.71, 99.81, 99.81, 99.9, 99.91, 100, 100, 100.09, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100.12, 100 ], "estimated": [ 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100.11, 101.85, 101.9, 104.78, 104.89, 107.65, 107.72, 110.63, 110.65, 113.54, 113.63, 116.47, 116.51, 119.4, 119.49, 122.31, 122.44, 125.25, 125.27, 128.16, 128.18, 131.09, 131.11, 134, 134.02, 136.93, 136.95, 139.8, 139.86, 142.77, 142.8, 145.68, 145.71, 148.62, 148.66, 151.53, 151.57, 154.44, 154.55, 157.37, 157.39, 160.3, 160.32, 163.21, 163.23, 166.15, 166.19, 169.06, 169.08, 171.86, 171.9, 174.19, 174.2, 176.09, 176.1, 177.73, 177.78, 179.15, 179.16, 180.41, 180.42, 181.52, 181.53, 182.52, 182.54, 183.41, 183.42, 184.2, 184.23, 184.93, 184.95, 185.59, 185.61, 186.2, 186.2, 186.75, 186.75, 187.24, 187.25, 187.7, 187.7, 188.12, 188.13, 188.51, 188.51, 188.86, 188.87, 189.17, 189.19, 189.49, 189.52, 189.78, 189.78, 190.04, 190.04, 190.28, 190.29, 190.5, 190.51, 190.71, 190.72, 190.92, 190.93, 191.1, 191.1, 191.28, 191.28, 191.44, 191.45, 191.59, 191.59, 191.72, 191.74, 191.87, 191.87, 191.99, 192, 192.11, 192.12, 192.23, 192.23, 192.33, 192.34, 192.44, 192.44, 192.53, 192.54, 192.62, 192.62, 192.71, 192.74, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76, 192.76 ], "temperatureC": 25 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.013, 0.065, 0.092, 0.123, 0.173, 0.238, 0.238, 0.315, 0.318, 0.397, 0.412, 0.465, 0.476, 0.522, 0.557, 0.634, 0.635, 0.674, 0.715, 0.789, 0.803, 0.812, 0.876, 0.922, 0.96, 0.998, 1.032, 1.073, 1.114, 1.19, 1.191, 1.261, 1.274, 1.318, 1.357, 1.421, 1.429, 1.474, 1.514, 1.588, 1.609, 1.667, 1.674, 1.739, 1.747, 1.815, 1.826, 1.872, 1.913, 1.984, 1.985, 2.059, 2.064, 2.116, 2.162, 2.194, 2.226, 2.271, 2.303, 2.382, 2.386, 2.453, 2.462, 2.515, 2.569, 2.592, 2.625, 2.667, 2.703, 2.779, 2.784, 2.798, 2.861, 2.916, 2.94, 3.012, 3.021, 3.069, 3.148, 3.176, 3.178, 3.254, 3.259, 3.334, 3.352, 3.381, 3.415, 3.467, 3.494, 3.573, 3.573, 3.649, 3.667, 3.699, 3.735, 3.811, 3.813, 3.866, 3.893, 3.956, 3.97, 4.049, 4.066, 4.111, 4.132, 4.189, 4.217, 4.267, 4.291, 4.354, 4.369, 4.446, 4.463, 4.514, 4.531, 4.588, 4.613, 4.664, 4.686, 4.755, 4.768, 4.843, 4.844, 4.896, 4.948, 4.986, 5.003, 5.064, 5.088, 5.153, 5.161, 5.191, 5.241, 5.308, 5.329, 5.385, 5.401, 5.462, 5.485, 5.552, 5.558, 5.59, 5.638, 5.708, 5.726, 5.783, 5.796, 5.859, 5.882, 5.951, 5.964, 5.989, 6.036, 6.106, 6.123, 6.183, 6.194, 6.259, 6.277, 6.35, 6.355, 6.387, 6.433, 6.505, 6.512, 6.582, 6.591, 6.659, 6.685, 6.749, 6.758, 6.825, 6.829, 6.905, 6.911, 6.981, 6.991, 7.057, 7.073, 7.146, 7.151, 7.185, 7.226, 7.303, 7.32, 7.38, 7.39, 7.458, 7.471, 7.524, 7.556, 7.584, 7.624, 7.688, 7.722, 7.778, 7.783, 7.856, 7.879, 7.94, 7.941, 7.983, 8.025, 8.09, 8.108, 8.176, 8.184, 8.255, 8.268, 8.31, 8.348, 8.382, 8.417, 8.485, 8.519, 8.575, 8.578, 8.652, 8.658, 8.72, 8.735, 8.78, 8.814, 8.884, 8.916, 8.971, 8.978, 9.051, 9.067, 9.121, 9.136, 9.179, 9.213, 9.283, 9.292, 9.361, 9.37, 9.449, 9.528 ], "key": "isoc-LA92-25-90", "cell": "m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 90 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 10 % off. What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 89.99, 90.1, 89.6, 89.65, 89.21, 89.18, 88.64, 88.63, 87.69, 87.75, 86.7, 86.76, 86.27, 86.37, 85.87, 85.88, 85.43, 85.4, 84.43, 84.44, 83.59, 83.15, 83.44, 83.05, 82.56, 82.57, 82.19, 82.17, 81.12, 81.15, 80.16, 80.15, 79.63, 79.74, 79.25, 79.25, 78.88, 78.91, 77.76, 77.83, 76.88, 76.8, 76.4, 76.38, 75.94, 75.94, 75.54, 75.57, 74.41, 74.47, 73.63, 73.61, 72.92, 73.05, 72.53, 72.51, 72.15, 72.19, 71.02, 71.14, 70.28, 70.11, 69.58, 69.66, 69.13, 69.09, 68.76, 68.79, 67.65, 67.71, 66.95, 66.72, 66.32, 66.23, 65.69, 65.74, 65.3, 65.36, 64.17, 64.01, 63.64, 63.47, 62.67, 62.78, 62.28, 62.26, 61.98, 61.88, 60.7, 60.86, 60.32, 60.29, 59.24, 59.28, 58.78, 58.8, 58.35, 58.39, 57.21, 57.37, 56.91, 56.93, 55.72, 55.78, 55.25, 55.3, 54.86, 54.91, 53.7, 53.85, 53.43, 53.43, 52.2, 52.25, 51.76, 51.76, 51.32, 51.37, 50.14, 50.3, 49.86, 49.89, 48.75, 48.71, 48.16, 48.15, 47.75, 47.81, 46.55, 46.71, 46.24, 46.3, 45.19, 45.2, 44.53, 44.58, 44.13, 44.2, 42.92, 43.09, 42.62, 42.68, 41.55, 41.61, 40.88, 40.93, 40.49, 40.61, 39.3, 39.44, 38.96, 39.01, 37.9, 37.95, 37.2, 37.26, 36.8, 36.93, 35.57, 35.75, 35.26, 35.31, 34.19, 34.24, 33.49, 33.56, 33.07, 33.21, 31.83, 32, 31.52, 31.57, 30.44, 30.51, 29.72, 29.8, 29.3, 29.44, 28.05, 28.23, 27.77, 27.78, 26.61, 26.71, 25.9, 25.96, 25.49, 25.62, 24.22, 24.4, 23.96, 23.94, 22.76, 22.85, 22.07, 22.1, 21.61, 21.76, 20.33, 20.5, 20.09, 20.09, 18.85, 18.96, 18.2, 18.21, 17.71, 17.84, 16.38, 16.57, 16.18, 16.1, 14.87, 15.01, 14.16, 14.18, 13.7, 13.83, 12.32, 12.56, 12.06, 12.1, 10.78, 10.93, 10.01, 10.04, 9.6, 9.67, 8.09, 8.3, 7.82, 7.83, 6.44, 6.6, 5.65, 5.74, 5.41, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37 ], "estimated": [ 99.99, 100.09, 99.61, 99.65, 99.22, 99.19, 98.66, 98.65, 97.74, 97.8, 96.77, 96.82, 96.35, 96.44, 95.95, 95.97, 95.53, 95.5, 94.54, 94.55, 93.72, 93.29, 93.54, 93.17, 92.69, 92.7, 92.33, 92.31, 91.28, 91.31, 90.34, 90.33, 89.82, 89.93, 89.45, 89.46, 89.09, 89.12, 88, 88.06, 87.13, 87.04, 86.66, 86.64, 86.22, 86.21, 85.83, 85.85, 84.72, 84.79, 83.96, 83.94, 83.27, 83.4, 82.89, 82.87, 82.51, 82.55, 81.4, 81.51, 80.68, 80.51, 79.99, 80.06, 79.55, 79.5, 79.18, 79.21, 78.1, 78.15, 77.42, 77.18, 76.8, 76.7, 76.17, 76.22, 75.8, 75.85, 74.7, 74.53, 74.17, 74, 73.23, 73.34, 72.85, 72.83, 72.56, 72.45, 71.3, 71.46, 70.93, 70.9, 69.87, 69.91, 69.42, 69.44, 69.01, 69.04, 67.89, 68.04, 67.6, 67.62, 66.43, 66.49, 65.97, 66.01, 65.59, 65.63, 64.45, 64.6, 64.19, 64.19, 62.99, 63.03, 62.55, 62.55, 62.12, 62.17, 60.97, 61.13, 60.69, 60.72, 59.61, 59.57, 59.04, 59.03, 58.64, 58.69, 57.46, 57.62, 57.16, 57.21, 56.13, 56.14, 55.48, 55.53, 55.09, 55.16, 53.9, 54.07, 53.61, 53.67, 52.57, 52.62, 51.91, 51.96, 51.53, 51.64, 50.36, 50.49, 50.03, 50.07, 48.99, 49.04, 48.31, 48.36, 47.91, 48.04, 46.72, 46.89, 46.41, 46.46, 45.36, 45.41, 44.67, 44.75, 44.27, 44.4, 43.05, 43.22, 42.74, 42.8, 41.69, 41.76, 40.98, 41.06, 40.58, 40.71, 39.35, 39.53, 39.08, 39.09, 37.94, 38.04, 37.25, 37.3, 36.85, 36.97, 35.6, 35.77, 35.35, 35.32, 34.17, 34.26, 33.5, 33.52, 33.05, 33.19, 31.79, 31.96, 31.56, 31.55, 30.35, 30.45, 29.71, 29.72, 29.22, 29.35, 27.93, 28.11, 27.73, 27.65, 26.45, 26.59, 25.75, 25.77, 25.3, 25.43, 23.95, 24.18, 23.7, 23.74, 22.44, 22.58, 21.68, 21.71, 21.29, 21.35, 19.81, 20, 19.54, 19.54, 18.19, 18.34, 17.41, 17.49, 17.17, 17.14, 17.14, 17.14 ], "temperatureC": 25 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.019, 0.06, 0.079, 0.101, 0.122, 0.154, 0.193, 0.198, 0.247, 0.248, 0.289, 0.307, 0.346, 0.361, 0.396, 0.397, 0.417, 0.451, 0.477, 0.5, 0.534, 0.555, 0.591, 0.595, 0.612, 0.645, 0.69, 0.706, 0.743, 0.751, 0.777, 0.793, 0.817, 0.851, 0.876, 0.9, 0.938, 0.945, 0.982, 0.994, 1.032, 1.041, 1.087, 1.109, 1.125, 1.141, 1.179, 1.191, 1.215, 1.24, 1.275, 1.3, 1.319, 1.343, 1.387, 1.395, 1.409, 1.442, 1.484, 1.491, 1.525, 1.549, 1.577, 1.587, 1.614, 1.638, 1.673, 1.693, 1.731, 1.753, 1.773, 1.791, 1.808, 1.835, 1.884, 1.908, 1.931, 1.935, 1.976, 1.986, 2.013, 2.033, 2.067, 2.084, 2.131, 2.15, 2.181, 2.192, 2.229, 2.237, 2.281, 2.289, 2.322, 2.335, 2.374, 2.387, 2.413, 2.435, 2.466, 2.484, 2.529, 2.536, 2.578, 2.582, 2.628, 2.635, 2.678, 2.688, 2.721, 2.729, 2.773, 2.779, 2.811, 2.832, 2.871, 2.878, 2.922, 2.935, 2.971, 2.981, 3.025, 3.028, 3.074, 3.082, 3.086, 3.131, 3.174, 3.181, 3.211, 3.234, 3.269, 3.279, 3.313, 3.334, 3.369, 3.378, 3.404, 3.432, 3.472, 3.48, 3.496, 3.521, 3.571, 3.575, 3.609, 3.629, 3.667, 3.671, 3.709, 3.726, 3.743, 3.777, 3.803, 3.82, 3.868, 3.869, 3.917, 3.924, 3.947, 3.979, 4.008, 4.027, 4.066, 4.078, 4.111, 4.119, 4.128, 4.166, 4.202, 4.23, 4.265, 4.266, 4.279, 4.319, 4.363, 4.366, 4.406, 4.414, 4.46, 4.471, 4.508, 4.516, 4.525, 4.564, 4.6, 4.614, 4.659, 4.662, 4.679, 4.723, 4.734, 4.771, 4.805, 4.813, 4.859, 4.867, 4.908, 4.914, 4.923, 4.961, 4.999, 5.016, 5.058, 5.059, 5.076, 5.109, 5.144, 5.172, 5.204, 5.211, 5.257, 5.27, 5.307, 5.314, 5.322, 5.361, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 60 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 59.99, 59.39, 59.49, 59.18, 59.24, 58.78, 58.8, 58.6, 58.68, 58.36, 58.34, 57.21, 57.37, 57.03, 57.03, 56.69, 56.66, 55.89, 56.04, 55.65, 55.73, 55.25, 55.3, 55.1, 55.17, 54.86, 54.9, 53.7, 53.86, 53.52, 53.57, 53.43, 53.35, 52.38, 52.51, 52.13, 52.21, 51.76, 51.77, 51.62, 51.63, 51.3, 51.37, 50.14, 50.3, 50.13, 49.98, 49.86, 49.89, 48.79, 49, 48.55, 48.63, 48.16, 48.2, 48.05, 48.05, 47.75, 47.79, 46.58, 46.76, 46.53, 46.42, 46.24, 46.29, 45.19, 45.4, 44.95, 45.03, 44.53, 44.58, 44.51, 44.44, 44.13, 44.18, 42.94, 43.09, 42.9, 42.87, 42.62, 42.67, 41.55, 41.76, 41.38, 41.44, 40.88, 40.93, 40.85, 40.8, 40.47, 40.53, 39.33, 39.46, 39.25, 39.2, 38.96, 39.01, 37.9, 38.09, 37.7, 37.76, 37.21, 37.28, 37.11, 37.17, 36.78, 36.85, 35.72, 35.8, 35.56, 35.54, 35.26, 35.31, 34.19, 34.39, 33.94, 34.04, 33.57, 33.56, 33.45, 33.45, 33.07, 33.09, 32.04, 31.83, 32.06, 31.78, 31.53, 31.57, 30.43, 30.63, 30.16, 30.28, 29.75, 29.8, 29.69, 29.69, 29.3, 29.36, 28.27, 28.05, 28.23, 28.11, 27.72, 27.78, 26.61, 26.83, 26.36, 26.5, 25.99, 25.9, 25.96, 25.87, 25.49, 25.53, 24.49, 24.45, 24.2, 24.21, 23.96, 23.94, 22.76, 22.97, 22.5, 22.63, 22.07, 22.15, 22.08, 22.04, 21.61, 21.67, 20.69, 20.66, 20.33, 20.39, 20.09, 20.06, 18.85, 19.18, 18.66, 18.75, 18.2, 18.25, 18.13, 18.15, 17.71, 17.8, 16.9, 16.79, 16.38, 16.36, 16.18, 16.1, 14.87, 15.21, 14.67, 14.75, 14.16, 14.25, 14.12, 14.15, 13.68, 13.76, 12.86, 12.85, 12.32, 12.46, 12.06, 12.04, 10.78, 11.11, 10.59, 10.62, 10.02, 10.1, 9.97, 10, 9.53, 9.66, 8.72, 8.66, 8.09, 8.23, 7.82, 7.83, 6.44, 6.79, 6.36, 6.3, 5.7, 5.73, 5.63, 5.63, 5.41, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37 ], "estimated": [ 99.98, 99.39, 99.48, 99.18, 99.24, 98.79, 98.81, 98.61, 98.69, 98.38, 98.36, 97.26, 97.42, 97.09, 97.08, 96.75, 96.72, 95.97, 96.11, 95.74, 95.81, 95.34, 95.38, 95.19, 95.26, 94.95, 95, 93.82, 93.98, 93.65, 93.69, 93.55, 93.48, 92.53, 92.66, 92.28, 92.36, 91.92, 91.93, 91.79, 91.8, 91.48, 91.54, 90.34, 90.5, 90.33, 90.18, 90.06, 90.09, 89.02, 89.22, 88.79, 88.87, 88.41, 88.44, 88.3, 88.3, 88.01, 88.04, 86.86, 87.03, 86.82, 86.7, 86.53, 86.58, 85.5, 85.7, 85.27, 85.34, 84.85, 84.9, 84.83, 84.77, 84.46, 84.51, 83.3, 83.44, 83.26, 83.23, 82.98, 83.03, 81.94, 82.14, 81.77, 81.82, 81.28, 81.33, 81.25, 81.2, 80.88, 80.94, 79.76, 79.89, 79.69, 79.64, 79.4, 79.44, 78.36, 78.55, 78.17, 78.23, 77.69, 77.75, 77.59, 77.64, 77.27, 77.33, 76.22, 76.3, 76.08, 76.05, 75.77, 75.83, 74.73, 74.92, 74.49, 74.59, 74.13, 74.12, 74.01, 74, 73.63, 73.66, 72.63, 72.42, 72.65, 72.37, 72.13, 72.17, 71.06, 71.25, 70.79, 70.9, 70.38, 70.43, 70.32, 70.32, 69.95, 70, 68.93, 68.72, 68.9, 68.78, 68.4, 68.46, 67.31, 67.52, 67.06, 67.2, 66.71, 66.62, 66.67, 66.58, 66.22, 66.25, 65.23, 65.2, 64.95, 64.96, 64.72, 64.69, 63.54, 63.74, 63.29, 63.41, 62.87, 62.95, 62.88, 62.83, 62.42, 62.47, 61.51, 61.49, 61.16, 61.22, 60.93, 60.89, 59.72, 60.04, 59.53, 59.61, 59.08, 59.12, 59.01, 59.03, 58.59, 58.68, 57.8, 57.7, 57.3, 57.28, 57.1, 57.02, 55.82, 56.15, 55.62, 55.7, 55.12, 55.2, 55.08, 55.11, 54.65, 54.72, 53.85, 53.84, 53.32, 53.45, 53.07, 53.04, 51.81, 52.13, 51.62, 51.65, 51.07, 51.14, 51.02, 51.04, 50.59, 50.71, 49.79, 49.73, 49.18, 49.31, 48.91, 48.91, 47.56, 47.9, 47.48, 47.41, 46.83, 46.86, 46.76, 46.76, 46.54, 46.51, 46.51, 46.51, 46.51 ], "temperatureC": 25 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.011, 0.026, 0.032, 0.061, 0.062, 0.076, 0.083, 0.095, 0.102, 0.112, 0.122, 0.134, 0.153, 0.154, 0.176, 0.178, 0.194, 0.206, 0.217, 0.221, 0.237, 0.246, 0.252, 0.273, 0.286, 0.287, 0.306, 0.315, 0.321, 0.331, 0.343, 0.353, 0.365, 0.377, 0.397, 0.401, 0.406, 0.424, 0.441, 0.449, 0.457, 0.464, 0.481, 0.486, 0.501, 0.511, 0.523, 0.533, 0.551, 0.552, 0.573, 0.579, 0.592, 0.6, 0.615, 0.622, 0.636, 0.641, 0.645, 0.663, 0.684, 0.684, 0.706, 0.706, 0.711, 0.739, 0.749, 0.751, 0.764, 0.776, 0.794, 0.8, 0.809, 0.817, 0.826, 0.843, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 30 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 29.99, 29.75, 29.72, 29.8, 29.74, 29.74, 29.69, 29.59, 29.49, 29.3, 29.44, 29.29, 29.35, 28.81, 28.75, 28.09, 28.05, 28.23, 28.22, 28.06, 28.06, 27.83, 27.81, 27.87, 27.78, 27.36, 27.31, 26.61, 26.92, 26.73, 26.82, 26.65, 26.67, 26.36, 26.48, 26.22, 26.17, 25.99, 25.9, 25.96, 25.95, 25.91, 25.93, 25.74, 25.82, 25.49, 25.62, 25.47, 25.53, 25.02, 24.98, 24.32, 24.22, 24.4, 24.38, 24.2, 24.21, 23.99, 24.06, 23.96, 23.97, 23.61, 23.58, 22.76, 22.85, 23.08, 22.91, 22.81, 22.83, 22.5, 22.63, 22.45, 22.32, 22.07, 22.15, 22.08, 22.1, 22.05, 22.06, 21.87, 21.96, 21.61, 21.76, 21.61, 21.67, 21.15, 21.15, 20.46, 20.33, 20.51, 20.5, 20.31, 20.39, 20.13, 20.19, 20.13, 20.09, 19.86, 19.83, 18.89, 18.85, 19.19, 19.08, 18.87, 18.93, 18.59, 18.72, 18.61, 18.56, 18.2, 18.24, 18.13, 18.18, 18.15, 18.15, 17.95, 18.04, 17.71, 17.84, 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96.3, 96.25, 96.08, 95.98, 96.04, 96.03, 95.99, 96.01, 95.83, 95.9, 95.59, 95.71, 95.56, 95.62, 95.12, 95.08, 94.44, 94.33, 94.51, 94.5, 94.32, 94.32, 94.11, 94.18, 94.09, 94.09, 93.74, 93.71, 92.91, 92.99, 93.22, 93.05, 92.95, 92.98, 92.66, 92.78, 92.61, 92.48, 92.24, 92.31, 92.25, 92.26, 92.21, 92.23, 92.04, 92.12, 91.78, 91.92, 91.78, 91.84, 91.33, 91.33, 90.66, 90.53, 90.71, 90.7, 90.51, 90.59, 90.33, 90.39, 90.33, 90.29, 90.07, 90.04, 89.12, 89.08, 89.41, 89.3, 89.1, 89.16, 88.82, 88.95, 88.84, 88.79, 88.45, 88.48, 88.38, 88.42, 88.4, 88.39, 88.2, 88.28, 87.96, 88.09, 87.99, 88, 87.55, 87.49, 86.85, 86.66, 86.84, 86.83, 86.67, 86.64, 86.46, 86.52, 86.43, 86.44, 86.33, 86.33, 85.27, 85.18, 85.51, 85.4, 85.2, 85.28, 84.92, 85.05, 84.96, 84.96, 84.49, 84.57, 84.45, 84.51, 84.48, 84.48, 84.27, 84.36, 84.02, 84.16, 84.05, 84.07, 83.65, 83.51, 82.91, 82.69, 82.92, 82.82, 82.71, 82.74, 82.48, 82.43, 82.5, 82.47, 82.4, 82.4, 81.27, 81.17, 81.49, 81.38, 81.17, 81.25, 80.88, 81.01, 80.89, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 US06 at -10 °C", "actual": [ 89.99, 89.24, 88.93, 89.15, 89.15, 88.86, 88.92, 88.55, 88.52, 88.03, 88.01, 87.55, 87.76, 86.85, 86.84, 86.19, 86.18, 85.26, 85.23, 84.45, 84.44, 83.72, 83.71, 83.49, 83.68, 83.43, 83.48, 82.99, 83.1, 82.51, 82.48, 82.08, 82.06, 81.32, 81.31, 80.68, 80.67, 79.65, 79.61, 78.91, 78.9, 78.25, 78.1, 78.27, 78.2, 77.97, 77.93, 77.53, 77.64, 76.78, 76.94, 76.49, 76.48, 75.73, 75.73, 75.13, 75.12, 73.96, 74, 73.3, 73.28, 72.65, 72.53, 72.77, 72.65, 72.19, 72.33, 72.03, 72.14, 71.14, 71.42, 70.84, 70.82, 70.15, 70.14, 69.52, 69.5, 68.39, 68.46, 67.64, 67.62, 67.02, 67.13, 67.04, 67.08, 66.59, 66.78, 66.47, 66.57, 65.57, 65.86, 65.21, 65.1, 64.63, 64.46, 63.77, 63.75, 62.79, 62.8, 61.91, 61.9, 61.37, 61.39, 61.61, 61.42, 60.98, 61.16, 60.85, 60.81, 59.95, 60.24, 59.52, 59.51, 58.75, 58.75, 58, 57.94, 57.02, 56.99, 56.14, 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"m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 60 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 40 % off. 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 US06 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 90, 90, 89.2, 89.17, 88.12, 88.11, 87.25, 87.23, 87.32, 86.9, 87.08, 86.95, 86.15, 86.4, 85.44, 85.43, 84.53, 84.52, 83.51, 83.5, 82.95, 83.19, 82.74, 82.92, 82.38, 82.37, 81.75, 81.72, 81, 80.97, 79.88, 79.91, 78.98, 78.77, 78.98, 78.94, 78.58, 78.62, 77.8, 78.1, 77.26, 77.26, 76.41, 76.35, 75.32, 75.17, 74.57, 74.67, 74.77, 74.68, 74.28, 74.25, 73.59, 73.58, 72.7, 72.69, 71.58, 71.55, 70.68, 70.66, 70.34, 70.48, 70.13, 70.3, 69.4, 69.66, 69.04, 69.05, 68.17, 68.16, 67.05, 67.03, 66.17, 66.13, 66.32, 66.16, 65.78, 65.91, 65.07, 65.37, 64.31, 64.3, 63.35, 63.34, 62.27, 62.22, 61.75, 62.01, 61.55, 61.73, 61.16, 61.15, 60.51, 60.5, 59.68, 59.66, 58.55, 58.29, 57.61, 57.42, 57.67, 57.56, 57.13, 57.24, 56.41, 56.71, 55.78, 55.77, 54.87, 54.86, 53.76, 53.74, 53.01, 53.27, 53.1, 53.07, 52.72, 52.55, 51.93, 51.91, 51.01, 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92.18, 91.48, 91.46, 90.42, 90.45, 89.57, 89.37, 89.56, 89.52, 89.17, 89.22, 88.44, 88.72, 87.91, 87.9, 87.1, 87.04, 86.05, 85.9, 85.34, 85.43, 85.52, 85.43, 85.06, 85.03, 84.4, 84.39, 83.55, 83.52, 82.47, 82.44, 81.6, 81.57, 81.28, 81.41, 81.07, 81.22, 80.37, 80.62, 80.04, 80.05, 79.21, 79.2, 78.14, 78.12, 77.3, 77.26, 77.44, 77.28, 76.92, 77.04, 76.25, 76.54, 75.53, 75.51, 74.61, 74.6, 73.58, 73.53, 73.08, 73.32, 72.9, 73.06, 72.52, 72.51, 71.89, 71.88, 71.14, 71.11, 70.06, 69.8, 69.15, 68.97, 69.2, 69.1, 68.7, 68.81, 68.03, 68.32, 67.43, 67.42, 66.57, 66.55, 65.5, 65.49, 64.79, 65.03, 64.87, 64.84, 64.51, 64.34, 63.75, 63.73, 62.89, 62.88, 61.7, 61.74, 60.86, 60.62, 60.81, 60.66, 60.34, 60.52, 59.57, 59.88, 59.18, 59.17, 58.33, 58.32, 57.2, 57.17, 56.34, 56.28, 56.53, 56.38, 56, 56.11, 55.27, 55.56, 54.47, 54.28, 53.44, 53.38, 52.36, 52.14, 51.9, 52.05, 51.67, 51.83, 51.28, 51.27, 50.62, 50.6, 49.77, 49.75, 48.64, 48.58, 47.66, 47.75, 47.59, 47.62, 47.2, 47.33, 46.47, 46.78, 45.77, 45.75, 44.8, 44.77, 43.72, 43.7, 43.01, 43.27, 42.98, 42.98, 42.46, 42.29, 41.83, 41.82, 40.94, 40.9, 39.66, 39.68, 38.76, 38.48, 38.75, 38.67, 38.26, 38.3, 37.39, 37.71, 36.89, 36.88, 36, 35.97, 34.73, 34.72, 33.94, 34.09, 33.88, 33.9, 33.5, 33.6, 32.71, 32.89, 31.78, 31.65, 30.51, 30.49, 29.44, 29.4, 28.99, 29.09, 28.71, 28.92, 28.14, 28.13, 27.47, 27.42, 26.46, 26.45, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85, 25.85 ], "temperatureC": 10 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.015, 0.015, 0.031, 0.031, 0.042, 0.046, 0.062, 0.068, 0.076, 0.078, 0.092, 0.095, 0.1, 0.109, 0.124, 0.124, 0.133, 0.14, 0.155, 0.155, 0.169, 0.17, 0.186, 0.186, 0.2, 0.202, 0.216, 0.217, 0.23, 0.236, 0.243, 0.249, 0.255, 0.263, 0.279, 0.288, 0.292, 0.295, 0.3, 0.31, 0.325, 0.325, 0.341, 0.341, 0.356, 0.356, 0.372, 0.372, 0.387, 0.388, 0.403, 0.404, 0.411, 0.43, 0.434, 0.439, 0.448, 0.45, 0.465, 0.466, 0.475, 0.481, 0.494, 0.496, 0.511, 0.511, 0.527, 0.527, 0.542, 0.543, 0.558, 0.558, 0.569, 0.578, 0.589, 0.591, 0.602, 0.608, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 60 % — m80 US06 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 60, 59.55, 59.54, 58.64, 58.62, 58.33, 58.15, 57.59, 57.42, 57.67, 57.66, 57.45, 57.52, 57.2, 57.33, 56.86, 56.84, 56.41, 56.71, 56.1, 56.09, 55.55, 55.52, 55, 54.99, 54.15, 54.23, 53.62, 53.59, 53.19, 53.01, 53.27, 53.22, 53.1, 53.12, 52.72, 52.7, 52.41, 52.38, 52, 52.29, 51.58, 51.56, 51, 50.99, 50.33, 50.32, 49.66, 49.65, 48.99, 48.95, 48.56, 48.61, 48.82, 48.67, 48.33, 48.53, 48.27, 48.39, 47.64, 47.52, 47.84, 47.5, 46.99, 46.89, 46.42, 46.41, 45.72, 45.7, 45.04, 44.99, 44.35, 44.35, 44.05, 44.32, 44.14, 44.2, 43.9, 44.01, 43.76, 43.87, 42.99, 43.31, 42.8, 42.79, 42.22, 41.96, 41.76, 41.75, 40.89, 40.66, 40.28, 40.24, 39.81, 39.49, 39.75, 39.61, 39.67, 39.54, 39.24, 39.41, 39, 38.97, 38.4, 38.74, 38.12, 38.1, 37.53, 37.52, 37.01, 36.99, 36.04, 36.12, 35.51, 35.46, 35.01, 34.84, 35.11, 35.05, 34.89, 34.95, 34.6, 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already fallen to 30 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 70 % off. 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J. Kollmeyer, M. Naguib, F. Khanum, A. Emadi, ITEC 2022, doi:10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813996" }