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Estimators tuned on discharge often mis-track during charging.", "cycle": "CC_CV_charge", "group": "cycle", "label": "m80 CC_CV_charge at 25 °C", "actual": [ 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 4.33, 6.24, 6.26, 9.27, 9.29, 12.28, 12.29, 15.31, 15.33, 17.13, 18.36, 21.3, 21.37, 24.21, 24.4, 27.19, 27.43, 29.2, 30.43, 33.42, 33.44, 36.45, 36.47, 39.45, 39.48, 42.48, 44.55, 45.42, 45.51, 48.52, 48.54, 51.52, 51.55, 54.55, 54.59, 57.43, 57.6, 60.57, 60.68, 63.6, 63.62, 66.62, 66.65, 69.21, 71.18, 72.66, 72.79, 75.65, 76.43, 78.59, 78.6, 80.96, 80.98, 82.93, 82.94, 84.41, 84.82, 85.62, 86.72, 87.39, 87.4, 88.54, 88.55, 89.55, 89.58, 90.49, 90.5, 91.32, 91.33, 92.06, 92.29, 92.74, 92.76, 93.26, 93.37, 93.93, 93.94, 94.44, 94.54, 94.92, 94.92, 95.24, 95.35, 95.75, 95.75, 96.11, 96.12, 96.45, 96.46, 96.77, 96.79, 97, 97.06, 97.22, 97.34, 97.46, 97.73, 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4.38, 4.44, 4.44, 4.49, 4.49, 4.56, 4.56, 4.61, 4.61, 4.65, 4.65, 4.69, 4.7, 5.68, 5.7, 7.95, 7.97, 10.64, 10.65, 13.28, 13.3, 15.03, 16.3, 19.35, 19.42, 22.33, 22.52, 25.4, 25.63, 27.44, 28.66, 31.49, 31.51, 34.35, 34.37, 37.28, 37.31, 40.29, 42.36, 43.23, 43.32, 46.3, 46.32, 49.24, 49.26, 52.17, 52.21, 54.97, 55.15, 58.08, 58.19, 61.03, 61.05, 63.93, 63.96, 66.47, 68.45, 69.92, 70.05, 72.85, 73.63, 75.92, 75.94, 78.91, 78.93, 81.41, 81.42, 83.04, 83.44, 84.23, 85.33, 86.02, 86.03, 87.24, 87.26, 88.32, 88.35, 89.4, 89.4, 90.51, 90.52, 91.42, 91.68, 92.07, 92.08, 92.54, 92.66, 93.58, 93.59, 94.29, 94.4, 94.58, 94.58, 94.79, 94.91, 95.45, 95.45, 95.91, 95.92, 96.32, 96.33, 96.7, 96.72, 96.96, 97.02, 97.19, 97.31, 97.43, 97.69, 97.79, 97.84, 98, 98.06, 98.23, 98.25, 98.43, 98.44, 98.64, 98.64, 98.82, 98.83, 98.98, 98.99, 99.12, 99.13, 99.26, 99.26, 99.36, 99.38, 99.49, 99.5, 99.61, 99.63, 99.73, 99.74, 99.83, 99.86, 99.94, 99.95, 100.03, 100.05, 100.12, 100.15, 100.16, 100.16, 100.17, 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2.471, 2.502, 2.579, 2.593, 2.626, 2.667, 2.751, 2.779, 2.798, 2.846, 2.901, 2.938, 2.977, 2.992, 3.025, 3.069, 3.15, 3.176, 3.196, 3.244, 3.282, 3.3, 3.376, 3.391, 3.424, 3.467, 3.503, 3.548, 3.595, 3.643, 3.681, 3.699, 3.775, 3.79, 3.822, 3.866, 3.891, 3.969, 3.97, 3.994, 4.079, 4.098, 4.174, 4.189, 4.221, 4.265, 4.288, 4.346, 4.369, 4.393, 4.478, 4.496, 4.573, 4.588, 4.62, 4.664, 4.685, 4.745, 4.768, 4.792, 4.877, 4.895, 4.972, 4.986, 5.019, 5.061, 5.082, 5.144, 5.166, 5.191, 5.276, 5.294, 5.369, 5.385, 5.418, 5.462, 5.479, 5.543, 5.565, 5.59, 5.675, 5.693, 5.769, 5.784, 5.796, 5.858, 5.876, 5.942, 5.964, 5.989, 6.074, 6.092, 6.114, 6.168, 6.195, 6.259, 6.273, 6.341, 6.363, 6.388, 6.473, 6.491, 6.511, 6.567, 6.594, 6.659, 6.67, 6.739, 6.762, 6.786, 6.871, 6.89, 6.908, 6.966, 7.014, 7.057, 7.067, 7.138, 7.161, 7.185, 7.27, 7.288, 7.305, 7.365, 7.412, 7.456, 7.464, 7.537, 7.559, 7.584, 7.669, 7.687, 7.702, 7.763, 7.79, 7.855, 7.861, 7.936, 7.958, 7.983, 8.069, 8.086, 8.101, 8.162, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 89.99, 89.68, 89.66, 89.22, 89.23, 88.64, 88.63, 87.73, 87.75, 86.7, 86.76, 86.26, 86.37, 85.87, 85.89, 85.41, 85.4, 84.39, 84.45, 83.41, 83.14, 83.44, 83.05, 82.58, 82.57, 82.19, 82.17, 81.09, 80.93, 80.16, 79.84, 79.91, 79.73, 79.26, 79.25, 78.85, 78.91, 77.76, 77.6, 76.88, 76.51, 76.42, 76.4, 75.92, 75.91, 75.52, 75.57, 74.41, 74.25, 73.62, 73.14, 73.05, 73.03, 72.54, 72.52, 72.15, 72.19, 71.06, 70.86, 70.28, 69.75, 69.65, 69.64, 69.15, 69.04, 68.74, 68.79, 67.65, 67.45, 66.93, 66.32, 66.38, 65.72, 65.74, 65.61, 65.31, 65.35, 64.16, 64.01, 63.61, 62.87, 62.93, 62.72, 62.26, 62.16, 61.85, 61.9, 60.7, 60.72, 60.54, 59.39, 59.46, 59.24, 58.78, 58.68, 58.37, 58.41, 57.2, 57.37, 56.96, 56.95, 55.89, 55.73, 55.27, 55.17, 54.86, 54.9, 53.68, 53.85, 53.52, 53.44, 52.36, 52.2, 51.74, 51.63, 51.32, 51.37, 50.13, 50.3, 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5.289, 5.307, 5.353, 5.384, 5.398, 5.411, 5.456, 5.475, 5.504, 5.53, 5.555, 5.578, 5.603, 5.605, 5.651, 5.688, 5.704, 5.706, 5.749, 5.777, 5.803, 5.803, 5.852, 5.874, 5.902, 5.902, 5.952 ], "key": "isoc-LA92-25-60", "cell": "m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 60 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 40 % off. What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 60 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 59.99, 59.48, 59.48, 59.17, 59.24, 58.75, 58.8, 58.6, 58.68, 58.36, 58.34, 57.2, 57.34, 57.37, 57.04, 56.69, 56.66, 55.89, 55.95, 55.66, 55.73, 55.27, 55.29, 55.09, 55.17, 54.84, 54.9, 53.68, 53.82, 53.85, 53.52, 53.52, 53.35, 52.36, 52.43, 52.13, 52.21, 51.74, 51.74, 51.73, 51.63, 51.3, 51.37, 50.13, 50.27, 50.1, 49.96, 49.97, 49.89, 48.79, 48.55, 48.67, 48.63, 48.16, 48.2, 48.15, 48.05, 47.73, 47.79, 46.59, 46.55, 46.5, 46.37, 46.37, 46.29, 45.19, 44.95, 45.07, 45.07, 44.55, 44.58, 44.54, 44.44, 44.13, 44.18, 42.96, 42.92, 42.92, 42.74, 42.75, 42.67, 41.56, 41.32, 41.42, 41.39, 40.91, 40.9, 40.9, 40.8, 40.48, 40.53, 39.32, 39.3, 39.25, 39.08, 39.08, 39.01, 37.88, 37.95, 37.64, 37.72, 37.23, 37.2, 37.2, 37.12, 36.8, 36.85, 35.7, 35.56, 35.69, 35.39, 35.39, 35.3, 34.17, 34.24, 33.92, 34, 33.51, 33.48, 33.48, 33.4, 33.07, 33.12, 32.06, 31.82, 31.9, 31.65, 31.65, 31.57, 30.42, 30.54, 30.31, 30.25, 29.75, 29.72, 29.72, 29.63, 29.3, 29.35, 28.28, 28.04, 28.12, 27.86, 27.86, 27.77, 26.61, 26.73, 26.67, 26.43, 25.93, 25.9, 25.95, 25.81, 25.48, 25.53, 24.49, 24.2, 24.38, 24.02, 24.02, 23.93, 22.76, 22.82, 22.5, 22.58, 22.07, 22.04, 22.05, 21.96, 21.61, 21.71, 20.69, 20.32, 20.45, 20.13, 20.14, 20.05, 18.85, 19.02, 18.62, 18.67, 18.16, 18.2, 18.15, 18.12, 17.69, 17.84, 16.8, 16.37, 16.55, 16.18, 16.19, 16.09, 14.87, 15, 14.94, 14.61, 14.68, 14.2, 14.15, 14.12, 13.68, 13.82, 12.86, 12.32, 12.5, 12.12, 12.12, 12.03, 10.76, 11.02, 10.82, 10.47, 10.56, 10.01, 10.01, 9.88, 9.51, 9.66, 8.7, 8.09, 8.27, 7.88, 7.88, 7.78, 6.44, 6.59, 6.5, 6.22, 5.7, 5.64, 5.66, 5.41, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37 ], "estimated": [ 49.03, 52.77, 52.79, 55.38, 55.42, 55.29, 55.25, 55.23, 55.25, 55.32, 55.31, 54.8, 54.82, 54.69, 54.38, 54.3, 54.29, 53.94, 53.79, 53.67, 53.6, 53.43, 53.27, 53.18, 53.18, 53.14, 53.16, 52.61, 52.61, 52.45, 52.2, 52.05, 51.99, 51.53, 51.31, 51.18, 51.1, 50.92, 50.81, 50.69, 50.61, 50.5, 50.54, 49.89, 49.88, 49.5, 49.43, 49.28, 49.26, 48.72, 48.27, 48.2, 48.17, 47.98, 47.88, 47.73, 47.63, 47.5, 47.52, 46.85, 46.79, 46.34, 46.27, 46.11, 46.1, 45.54, 45.05, 44.98, 44.98, 44.76, 44.67, 44.51, 44.41, 44.3, 44.3, 43.64, 43.59, 43.17, 43.04, 42.84, 42.82, 42.29, 41.84, 41.77, 41.71, 41.51, 41.42, 41.16, 41.05, 40.93, 40.9, 40.3, 40.29, 39.8, 39.68, 39.41, 39.34, 38.83, 38.55, 38.42, 38.24, 38.03, 37.93, 37.57, 37.48, 37.35, 37.28, 36.76, 36.66, 36.39, 36.13, 35.82, 35.71, 35.21, 34.92, 34.79, 34.6, 34.37, 34.27, 33.94, 33.84, 33.68, 33.62, 33.12, 32.92, 32.57, 32.34, 32.09, 32.01, 31.42, 31.3, 30.79, 30.61, 30.39, 30.28, 30.04, 29.9, 29.73, 29.68, 29.1, 28.91, 28.51, 28.28, 28.05, 27.95, 27.38, 27.27, 26.97, 26.59, 26.4, 26.32, 26.18, 25.98, 25.82, 25.8, 25.32, 25.14, 24.98, 24.66, 24.41, 24.29, 23.68, 23.38, 23.22, 23.09, 22.84, 22.74, 22.42, 22.3, 22.15, 22.12, 21.55, 21.27, 20.95, 20.68, 20.44, 20.31, 19.73, 19.5, 19.28, 19.08, 18.85, 18.84, 18.39, 18.36, 18.12, 18.09, 17.59, 17.31, 17.17, 16.91, 16.7, 16.57, 15.89, 15.79, 15.52, 15.33, 15.14, 14.87, 14.32, 14.27, 14.03, 13.96, 13.5, 13.11, 13, 12.74, 12.54, 12.38, 11.66, 11.71, 11.29, 11.08, 10.92, 10.61, 10.2, 10.03, 9.84, 9.79, 9.2, 8.77, 8.66, 8.38, 8.19, 7.97, 7.18, 7.21, 6.84, 6.52, 6.21, 6.17, 5.78, 5.62, 5.43, 5.42, 5, 4.91, 5.05, 5.05, 5.16 ], "temperatureC": 25 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.022, 0.022, 0.044, 0.044, 0.066, 0.066, 0.083, 0.088, 0.102, 0.11, 0.123, 0.133, 0.154, 0.154, 0.176, 0.178, 0.198, 0.199, 0.219, 0.233, 0.242, 0.244, 0.256, 0.277, 0.287, 0.287, 0.306, 0.309, 0.331, 0.337, 0.352, 0.354, 0.365, 0.39, 0.397, 0.397, 0.409, 0.424, 0.441, 0.447, 0.457, 0.48, 0.485, 0.486, 0.501, 0.508, 0.522, 0.533, 0.552, 0.552, 0.574, 0.577, 0.596, 0.606, 0.615, 0.632, 0.64, 0.644, 0.659, 0.681, 0.684, 0.684, 0.705, 0.706, 0.713, 0.739, 0.743, 0.753, 0.764, 0.791, 0.794, 0.795, 0.808, 0.823, 0.839, 0.839, 0.861, 0.866, 0.879, 0.883, 0.899, 0.911, 0.921, 0.927, 0.949, 0.95, 0.971, 0.976, 0.991, 0.994, 1.009, 1.017, 1.031, 1.044, 1.057, 1.079, 1.082, 1.082, 1.104, 1.104, 1.126, 1.137, 1.142, 1.152, 1.163, 1.179, 1.19, 1.192, 1.207, 1.222, 1.234, 1.236, 1.258, 1.262, 1.278, 1.282, 1.298, 1.31, 1.319, 1.326, 1.346, 1.347, 1.368, 1.375, 1.389, 1.393, 1.404, 1.416, 1.43, 1.435, 1.456, 1.465, 1.478, 1.479, 1.501, 1.503, 1.523, 1.541, 1.545, 1.551, 1.562, 1.578, 1.589, 1.59, 1.606, 1.62, 1.633, 1.634, 1.652, 1.661, 1.677, 1.683, 1.697, 1.709, 1.718, 1.725, 1.742, 1.744, 1.764, 1.774, 1.788, 1.793, 1.803, 1.814, 1.829, 1.833, 1.854, 1.864, 1.876, 1.877, 1.899, 1.902, 1.91, 1.921, 1.936, 1.961, 1.965, 1.977, 1.987, 1.987, 2.005, 2.009, 2.031, 2.033, 2.051, 2.06, 2.075, 2.08, 2.096, 2.108, 2.117, 2.129, 2.141, 2.143, 2.163, 2.173, 2.177, 2.191, 2.202, 2.213, 2.228, 2.231, 2.252, 2.263, 2.274, 2.276, 2.296, 2.301, 2.309, 2.318, 2.326, 2.349, 2.36, 2.373, 2.376, 2.386, 2.404, 2.407, 2.429, 2.432, 2.447, 2.458, 2.466, 2.474, 2.495, 2.495, 2.517, 2.517, 2.539, 2.539, 2.561, 2.571, 2.583, 2.583, 2.605, 2.606, 2.627, 2.627, 2.649 ], "key": "isoc-LA92-25-30", "cell": "m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 30 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 70 % off. What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "LA92", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 30 % — m80 LA92 at 25 °C", "actual": [ 29.99, 29.79, 29.79, 29.77, 29.77, 29.72, 29.71, 29.62, 29.6, 29.3, 29.44, 29.29, 29.35, 28.77, 28.75, 28.08, 28.04, 28.21, 28.22, 28.12, 27.86, 27.91, 27.83, 27.86, 27.78, 27.34, 27.31, 26.61, 26.78, 26.83, 26.7, 26.69, 26.67, 26.35, 26.43, 26.21, 26.21, 25.93, 25.9, 25.96, 25.95, 25.91, 25.74, 25.82, 25.82, 25.48, 25.62, 25.46, 25.53, 25.01, 24.99, 24.28, 24.2, 24.38, 24.38, 24.2, 24.02, 24.07, 23.97, 24.02, 23.93, 23.61, 23.58, 22.76, 22.85, 23.08, 22.92, 22.78, 22.82, 22.5, 22.58, 22.43, 22.41, 22.07, 22.04, 22.09, 22.1, 22.07, 22.04, 21.87, 21.96, 21.61, 21.75, 21.6, 21.67, 21.15, 21.15, 20.46, 20.32, 20.51, 20.5, 20.45, 20.4, 20.13, 20.08, 20.14, 20.05, 19.86, 19.83, 18.87, 18.85, 19.08, 19.02, 18.87, 18.92, 18.59, 18.6, 18.67, 18.56, 18.16, 18.12, 18.18, 18.17, 18.15, 18.15, 17.95, 18.04, 17.69, 17.84, 17.68, 17.75, 17.27, 17.25, 16.57, 16.37, 16.57, 16.55, 16.55, 16.45, 16.18, 16.16, 16.19, 16.04, 16.09, 16.04, 14.95, 14.87, 15.1, 14.89, 14.98, 14.94, 14.61, 14.62, 14.68, 14.64, 14.16, 14.12, 14.18, 14.16, 14.15, 14.15, 13.94, 14.03, 13.68, 13.82, 13.67, 13.73, 13.3, 13.3, 12.57, 12.32, 12.52, 12.5, 12.5, 12.4, 12.12, 12.1, 12.12, 11.97, 12.03, 12.03, 10.87, 10.76, 11.1, 10.96, 10.93, 10.47, 10.64, 10.49, 10.56, 10.56, 10.01, 10.06, 10.04, 10.01, 10.01, 10, 9.79, 9.88, 9.51, 9.66, 9.49, 9.56, 9.11, 9.12, 8.35, 8.09, 8.35, 8.28, 8.27, 8.17, 7.88, 7.85, 7.88, 7.72, 7.78, 7.78, 6.63, 6.44, 6.8, 6.63, 6.67, 6.5, 6.14, 6.28, 6.15, 6.22, 5.64, 5.69, 5.68, 5.65, 5.66, 5.63, 5.5, 5.41, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37, 5.37 ], "estimated": [ 25.12, 25.84, 25.85, 26.6, 26.61, 27.4, 27.41, 27.97, 27.92, 27.81, 27.85, 27.83, 27.85, 27.57, 27.57, 27.22, 27.19, 27.09, 27.09, 26.89, 26.69, 26.62, 26.57, 26.51, 26.46, 26.28, 26.27, 25.94, 25.97, 25.84, 25.76, 25.64, 25.62, 25.46, 25.3, 25.26, 25.26, 25.14, 25.08, 25.01, 24.98, 24.99, 24.85, 24.84, 24.84, 24.7, 24.73, 24.72, 24.72, 24.49, 24.48, 24.18, 24.13, 24.08, 24, 23.91, 23.73, 23.66, 23.58, 23.5, 23.42, 23.29, 23.28, 22.83, 22.86, 22.86, 22.7, 22.65, 22.6, 22.45, 22.35, 22.31, 22.3, 22.12, 22.03, 21.95, 21.94, 21.78, 21.74, 21.66, 21.66, 21.52, 21.52, 21.48, 21.5, 21.27, 21.26, 20.81, 20.71, 20.64, 20.63, 20.42, 20.35, 20.17, 20.05, 19.96, 19.84, 19.77, 19.76, 19.28, 19.27, 19.17, 19.08, 19.06, 19, 18.87, 18.75, 18.69, 18.66, 18.48, 18.39, 18.31, 18.29, 18.07, 18.05, 17.97, 17.96, 17.8, 17.79, 17.74, 17.76, 17.57, 17.56, 17.18, 17.05, 17.03, 17.04, 16.93, 16.86, 16.68, 16.63, 16.49, 16.42, 16.37, 16.35, 15.75, 15.71, 15.61, 15.42, 15.42, 15.36, 15.18, 15.09, 15.01, 14.99, 14.74, 14.64, 14.53, 14.52, 14.24, 14.19, 14.11, 14.11, 13.94, 13.88, 13.83, 13.82, 13.71, 13.68, 13.26, 13.06, 13.05, 13.07, 12.97, 12.91, 12.71, 12.67, 12.54, 12.45, 12.39, 12.38, 11.74, 11.67, 11.7, 11.58, 11.45, 11.11, 11.12, 11, 10.97, 10.97, 10.66, 10.63, 10.43, 10.41, 10.26, 10.22, 10.09, 10.1, 9.91, 9.87, 9.81, 9.78, 9.54, 9.53, 9.07, 8.86, 8.92, 8.86, 8.75, 8.68, 8.47, 8.43, 8.28, 8.16, 8.08, 8.06, 7.41, 7.27, 7.3, 7.19, 7.13, 6.93, 6.74, 6.69, 6.64, 6.62, 6.27, 6.27, 6, 5.98, 5.87, 5.83, 5.77, 5.71, 5.58, 5.58, 5.38, 5.37, 5.19, 5.19, 5.03, 4.99, 5.06, 5.06, 5.15, 5.15, 5.19, 5.19, 5.23 ], "temperatureC": 25 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.016, 0.017, 0.033, 0.034, 0.05, 0.051, 0.067, 0.068, 0.084, 0.087, 0.101, 0.101, 0.111, 0.118, 0.135, 0.135, 0.149, 0.154, 0.169, 0.171, 0.186, 0.186, 0.195, 0.203, 0.219, 0.22, 0.236, 0.237, 0.253, 0.254, 0.27, 0.271, 0.278, 0.288, 0.304, 0.304, 0.317, 0.321, 0.338, 0.338, 0.355, 0.362, 0.372, 0.372, 0.389, 0.389, 0.406, 0.406, 0.422, 0.422, 0.439, 0.445, 0.456, 0.456, 0.473, 0.473, 0.49, 0.49, 0.507, 0.507, 0.524, 0.529, 0.541, 0.541, 0.557, 0.558, 0.574, 0.575, 0.591, 0.592, 0.608, 0.612, 0.625, 0.626, 0.642, 0.642, 0.659, 0.659, 0.676, 0.676, 0.693, 0.696, 0.71, 0.71, 0.727, 0.727, 0.743, 0.745, 0.761, 0.761, 0.777, 0.779, 0.794, 0.795, 0.811, 0.812, 0.827, 0.829, 0.845, 0.845, 0.862, 0.863, 0.879, 0.879, 0.896, 0.896, 0.913, 0.913, 0.93, 0.93, 0.946, 0.947, 0.963, 0.964, 0.98, 0.989, 0.997, 0.998, 1.014, 1.014, 1.029, 1.031, 1.048, 1.048, 1.065, 1.068, 1.082, 1.082, 1.099, 1.099, 1.113, 1.116, 1.133, 1.133, 1.148, 1.154, 1.166, 1.167, 1.183, 1.184, 1.196, 1.201, 1.217, 1.218, 1.234, 1.235, 1.251, 1.251, 1.268, 1.268, 1.28, 1.285, 1.302, 1.302, 1.317, 1.321, 1.336, 1.336, 1.353, 1.353, 1.364, 1.371, 1.386, 1.386, 1.403, 1.403, 1.42, 1.42, 1.437, 1.437, 1.447, 1.457, 1.471, 1.471, 1.485, 1.488, 1.504, 1.508, 1.521, 1.522, 1.531, 1.541, 1.555, 1.556, 1.572, 1.573, 1.589, 1.59, 1.606, 1.613, 1.622, 1.624, 1.64, 1.64, 1.652, 1.657, 1.672, 1.675, 1.691, 1.696, 1.704, 1.708, 1.724, 1.725, 1.741, 1.742, 1.758, 1.759, 1.775, 1.779, 1.786, 1.792, 1.808, 1.811, 1.826, 1.826, 1.838, 1.843, 1.86, 1.864, 1.877, 1.886, 1.894, 1.894, 1.91, 1.911, 1.927, 1.927, 1.944, 1.944, 1.961, 1.961, 1.978, 1.978, 1.995, 1.995, 2.012, 2.012, 2.029 ], "key": "isoc-US06--10-90", "cell": "m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 90 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 10 % off. What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 US06 at -10 °C", "actual": [ 89.99, 89.24, 89.22, 89.15, 89.15, 88.9, 88.91, 88.57, 88.55, 88.01, 87.8, 87.79, 87.76, 87.16, 86.84, 86.19, 86.18, 85.47, 85.06, 84.45, 84.37, 83.72, 83.71, 83.52, 83.68, 83.49, 83.48, 83.01, 83.01, 82.51, 82.48, 82.08, 82.06, 81.72, 81.26, 80.68, 80.67, 79.97, 79.61, 78.91, 78.9, 78.24, 78.07, 78.16, 78.17, 77.96, 77.93, 77.53, 77.53, 76.78, 76.74, 76.49, 76.27, 75.73, 75.73, 75.13, 75.12, 73.96, 73.95, 73.3, 73.28, 72.65, 72.56, 72.64, 72.62, 72.19, 72.16, 72.13, 72.14, 71.17, 71.18, 70.84, 70.75, 70.15, 70.14, 69.52, 69.5, 68.43, 68.45, 67.64, 67.62, 67.02, 67.03, 67.08, 67.09, 66.68, 66.71, 66.57, 66.55, 65.67, 65.68, 65.2, 65.17, 64.48, 64.48, 63.77, 63.75, 62.87, 62.78, 61.91, 61.9, 61.38, 61.4, 61.46, 61.43, 61.17, 61.16, 60.84, 60.81, 60.14, 60.14, 59.54, 59.51, 58.75, 58.75, 57.98, 57.37, 57.02, 57.02, 56.14, 56.13, 55.7, 55.8, 55.72, 55.73, 55.45, 55.41, 54.88, 54.85, 54.52, 54.52, 53.82, 53.76, 52.94, 52.93, 52.11, 51.64, 51.23, 51.16, 50.27, 50.27, 49.92, 50.13, 49.9, 49.87, 49.66, 49.62, 48.94, 48.94, 48.72, 48.72, 48, 47.77, 47.03, 47.02, 46.18, 45.82, 45.17, 45.15, 44.31, 44.3, 44.06, 44.23, 43.99, 44, 43.6, 43.58, 43.01, 43.01, 42.74, 42.71, 42.07, 41.55, 41, 40.99, 40.2, 39.82, 39.05, 38.87, 38.24, 38.23, 38.04, 38.14, 37.98, 37.98, 37.43, 37.44, 36.91, 36.77, 36.38, 36.03, 35.61, 35.5, 34.83, 34.82, 34.09, 33.59, 32.9, 32.74, 32.05, 31.83, 32.08, 31.99, 31.71, 31.66, 31.24, 31.26, 30.29, 30.27, 30.03, 29.81, 29.52, 29.18, 28.5, 28.38, 27.12, 27.1, 26.62, 26.3, 25.59, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47 ], "estimated": [ 38.97, 43.35, 43.41, 48.87, 48.98, 55.75, 55.87, 62.52, 62.59, 69.36, 69.2, 71.5, 71.53, 72.41, 71.68, 69.47, 69.43, 67.56, 67.31, 65.78, 65.68, 63.18, 63.13, 62.14, 62.96, 65.08, 65.12, 66.56, 66.52, 67.63, 67.62, 69.98, 70.01, 70.6, 69.53, 67.39, 67.35, 65.71, 65.46, 63.76, 63.73, 60.84, 60.17, 61.19, 61.23, 63.15, 63.17, 64.58, 64.61, 65.8, 65.82, 68.17, 68.35, 66.9, 66.86, 64.4, 64.36, 62.1, 62.06, 60.26, 60.21, 57.42, 57.11, 58.36, 58.39, 60.19, 60.21, 61.86, 61.86, 62.86, 62.9, 65.1, 65.26, 63.51, 63.48, 60.92, 60.87, 58.65, 58.65, 56.53, 56.47, 53.93, 53.72, 54.97, 55, 56.84, 56.89, 57.92, 57.86, 59, 59.05, 60.79, 60.91, 59.18, 59.13, 56.48, 56.42, 54.96, 54.95, 52.7, 52.65, 50.4, 50.4, 51.56, 51.59, 53.39, 53.43, 53.92, 53.93, 55.17, 55.22, 56.32, 56.19, 54.29, 54.25, 51.76, 51.27, 50.59, 50.58, 48.38, 48.36, 46.74, 47.01, 48.19, 48.22, 49.93, 49.83, 50, 49.98, 51.35, 51.39, 52.25, 51.85, 49.97, 49.93, 47.6, 47.3, 46.58, 46.53, 44.02, 44.01, 42.65, 43.23, 44.21, 44.23, 45.67, 45.59, 45.71, 45.74, 47.26, 47.28, 47.79, 47.04, 45.28, 45.24, 43.08, 42.85, 41.5, 41.45, 39.2, 39.17, 37.82, 38.49, 39.45, 39.48, 40.7, 40.7, 41.34, 41.39, 42.75, 42.75, 43.03, 41.88, 39.69, 39.64, 37.42, 37.08, 35, 34.98, 32.36, 32.33, 31.3, 31.91, 33.38, 33.41, 34.28, 34.28, 35.14, 34.91, 36.47, 36.68, 35.4, 35.36, 32.53, 32.48, 30.81, 30.32, 28.48, 28.54, 26.17, 25.58, 26.41, 26.32, 27.78, 27.77, 28.43, 28.46, 28.55, 28.55, 29.83, 29.99, 28.95, 28.57, 26.7, 26.62, 24.96, 24.91, 23.92, 24.04, 22.28, 22.21, 21.78, 21.53, 21.88, 21.91, 23.42, 23.45, 24.81, 24.83, 26.69, 26.73, 28.85, 28.89, 30.61, 30.61, 30.77, 30.78, 30.91, 30.91, 30.99 ], "temperatureC": -10 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.009, 0.009, 0.018, 0.018, 0.027, 0.028, 0.036, 0.037, 0.046, 0.046, 0.055, 0.055, 0.064, 0.064, 0.073, 0.074, 0.083, 0.084, 0.092, 0.092, 0.101, 0.106, 0.11, 0.11, 0.119, 0.12, 0.129, 0.129, 0.138, 0.138, 0.147, 0.148, 0.156, 0.156, 0.165, 0.166, 0.175, 0.175, 0.184, 0.184, 0.189, 0.194, 0.199, 0.203, 0.211, 0.212, 0.221, 0.221, 0.224, 0.236, 0.239, 0.239, 0.247, 0.25, 0.258, 0.258, 0.265, 0.267, 0.273, 0.276, 0.285, 0.285, 0.294, 0.295, 0.304, 0.304, 0.313, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 30 % — m80 US06 at -10 °C", "actual": [ 29.98, 29.84, 29.83, 29.8, 29.79, 29.74, 29.74, 29.7, 29.67, 29.5, 29.48, 29.39, 29.38, 29.27, 29.25, 29.18, 29.17, 29.08, 29.07, 28.98, 28.96, 28.89, 28.88, 28.8, 28.79, 28.73, 28.72, 28.63, 28.62, 28.54, 28.53, 28.46, 28.45, 28.33, 28.31, 28.18, 28.15, 27.95, 27.93, 27.83, 27.82, 27.74, 27.71, 27.43, 27.41, 27.29, 27.25, 27.1, 27.09, 27.17, 27.17, 27.07, 27.05, 26.96, 26.96, 26.87, 26.85, 26.7, 26.69, 26.56, 26.55, 26.46, 26.45, 26.32, 26.3, 26.19, 26.17, 26.05, 26.02, 25.94, 25.93, 25.88, 25.87, 25.78, 25.77, 25.71, 25.7, 25.68, 25.67, 25.59, 25.56, 25.48, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 25.47, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 90 % — m80 US06 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 90, 89.18, 89.17, 88.11, 88.11, 87.25, 87.24, 87.27, 86.9, 87.07, 86.95, 86.15, 86.44, 85.44, 85.43, 84.53, 84.23, 83.95, 83.29, 83.19, 83.2, 83.05, 82.91, 82.37, 82.37, 81.75, 81.75, 80.99, 80.98, 79.86, 79.92, 79.78, 78.93, 78.95, 78.56, 78.74, 78.62, 77.8, 78.1, 77.26, 77.26, 76.41, 76.39, 75.32, 74.92, 74.61, 74.62, 74.68, 74.36, 74.54, 74.25, 73.6, 73.58, 72.71, 72.71, 71.58, 71.49, 70.69, 70.63, 70.53, 70.47, 70.31, 70.3, 69.4, 69.65, 69.04, 69.05, 68.17, 68.16, 67.18, 67.03, 66.41, 66.07, 66.2, 65.85, 66.03, 65.9, 65.07, 65.37, 64.31, 64.3, 63.35, 63.34, 62.28, 62.1, 62.01, 61.91, 61.86, 61.59, 61.16, 61.06, 60.51, 60.5, 59.69, 59.67, 58.57, 58.47, 57.77, 57.6, 57.59, 57.19, 57.38, 57.25, 56.4, 56.71, 55.78, 55.77, 54.87, 54.86, 54.17, 53.37, 53.1, 53.12, 53.12, 52.78, 52.84, 51.99, 52.3, 51.91, 51.05, 51.01, 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84.09, 84.08, 83.78, 83.79, 83.5, 83.5, 82.9, 82.88, 82.51, 81.84, 81.41, 81.04, 81.01, 80.9, 80.77, 80.86, 80.48, 80.48, 80.01, 80, 79.21, 78.92, 78.49, 78.49, 78.11, 77.93, 77.91, 77.73, 77.4, 77.35, 76.91, 76.9, 76.18, 76.05, 75.43, 75.36, 74.84, 74.78, 74.42, 74.4, 73.9, 73.93, 73.66, 73.65, 73.07, 73.06, 72.44, 72.21, 71.76, 71.33, 71.04, 70.8, 70.77, 70.64, 70.24, 70.3, 69.74, 69.72, 69.04, 69.04, 68.18, 68.04, 67.54, 67.45, 67.19, 66.86, 66.66, 66.48, 66.24, 66.22, 65.66, 65.65, 64.9, 64.69, 64.14, 63.91, 63.44, 63.11, 63.07, 62.93, 62.5, 62.55, 62.07, 62.06, 61.4, 61.39, 60.93, 60.19, 59.67, 59.67, 59.26, 59.08, 58.89, 58.44, 58.49, 58.32, 57.78, 57.73, 56.85, 56.62, 56.05, 55.96, 55.38, 55.32, 54.89, 54.72, 54.27, 54.33, 53.96, 53.95, 53.28, 53.28, 52.62, 51.85, 51.39, 51.38, 50.96, 50.66, 50.46, 50.45, 49.99, 50.05, 49.4, 49.39, 48.62, 48.6, 47.64, 47.55, 46.94, 46.86, 46.36, 46.1, 45.89, 45.68, 45.39, 45.35, 44.76, 44.74, 43.98, 43.75, 43.17, 42.86, 42.35, 41.96, 41.9, 41.72, 41.22, 41.25, 40.65, 40.64, 39.88, 39.86, 39.45, 38.62, 38.06, 38.06, 37.59, 37.39, 37.14, 36.63, 36.64, 36.4, 35.73, 35.71, 34.78, 34.53, 33.93, 33.79, 33.19, 33.12, 32.65, 32.46, 31.94, 31.87, 31.37, 31.36, 30.55, 30.54, 29.87, 29.45, 28.99, 28.53, 28.07, 27.82, 27.58, 27.58, 27.05, 26.97, 26.23, 26.12, 25.22, 24.79, 24.17, 24.07, 23.5, 23.43, 22.87, 22.6, 22.21, 22.03, 22.06, 21.62, 21.1, 20.32, 19.97, 19.96, 19.47, 19.47, 19.16, 19.15, 19.06, 19.07, 19.1, 19.1, 19.14, 19.14, 19.18 ], "temperatureC": 10 }, { "t": [ 0, 0.015, 0.015, 0.031, 0.031, 0.046, 0.046, 0.062, 0.062, 0.077, 0.077, 0.084, 0.1, 0.108, 0.108, 0.124, 0.128, 0.132, 0.14, 0.155, 0.155, 0.17, 0.17, 0.186, 0.186, 0.2, 0.206, 0.217, 0.221, 0.231, 0.233, 0.247, 0.248, 0.263, 0.267, 0.275, 0.285, 0.291, 0.299, 0.307, 0.31, 0.325, 0.325, 0.338, 0.341, 0.356, 0.356, 0.366, 0.374, 0.386, 0.388, 0.403, 0.403, 0.418, 0.43, 0.434, 0.434, 0.442, 0.453, 0.465, 0.466, 0.474, 0.481, 0.496, 0.496, 0.509, 0.511, 0.527, 0.527, 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1.659, 1.674, 1.682, 1.689, 1.693, 1.705, 1.705, 1.72, 1.721, 1.736, 1.736, 1.751, 1.752, 1.767, 1.767, 1.78, 1.782, 1.798, 1.798, 1.813, 1.814, 1.829, 1.829, 1.844, 1.845, 1.86 ], "key": "isoc-US06-10-60", "cell": "m80", "note": "The cycle is joined at the point where the true SOC has already fallen to 60 %, so a model that assumes a full battery at start-up begins 40 % off. What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 60 % — m80 US06 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 60, 59.55, 59.54, 58.64, 58.62, 58.15, 58.15, 57.59, 57.58, 57.67, 57.67, 57.54, 57.19, 57.38, 57.37, 56.86, 56.8, 56.4, 56.71, 56.1, 56.09, 55.53, 55.52, 55, 54.99, 54.15, 54.08, 53.6, 53.37, 53.18, 53.12, 53.19, 53.21, 53.12, 52.78, 52.96, 52.85, 52.42, 51.99, 52.3, 52.3, 51.58, 51.56, 51.05, 50.99, 50.33, 50.32, 49.72, 49.6, 49.03, 48.92, 48.56, 48.56, 48.71, 48.67, 48.33, 48.33, 48.52, 48.39, 47.64, 47.52, 47.84, 47.5, 46.94, 46.93, 46.47, 46.41, 45.72, 45.7, 45.23, 45.02, 44.42, 44.35, 44.18, 44.21, 44.23, 43.81, 44.02, 43.75, 43.87, 43.87, 42.99, 43.31, 42.8, 42.79, 42.22, 42.24, 41.76, 41.75, 40.89, 40.68, 40.54, 39.85, 39.7, 39.68, 39.75, 39.74, 39.62, 39.24, 39.44, 39.3, 39, 38.97, 38.4, 38.73, 38.12, 38.12, 37.53, 37.52, 37.01, 36.99, 36.06, 36.04, 35.92, 35.21, 35.01, 34.97, 35.09, 35, 34.95, 34.6, 34.79, 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What matters is how fast the estimate converges onto the truth.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "initialSoc", "label": "Wrong initial SOC 30 % — m80 US06 at 10 °C", "actual": [ 29.97, 30.1, 30.1, 29.87, 29.84, 29.95, 29.95, 29.51, 29.5, 29.28, 29.25, 29.19, 29.2, 29.36, 29.36, 28.88, 28.86, 28.7, 28.69, 28.41, 28.4, 28.16, 28.15, 27.94, 27.94, 27.75, 27.69, 27.47, 27.4, 27.08, 27.06, 26.61, 26.6, 26.67, 26.52, 26.2, 26.18, 25.87, 25.86, 25.68, 25.65, 25.56, 25.37, 25.43, 25.45, 25.64, 25.54, 25.59, 25.56, 25.45, 25.52, 25.4, 25.47, 25.11, 25.31, 25.31, 25.23, 25.05, 25.18, 24.99, 24.95, 24.68, 24.67, 24.24, 24.31, 24.58, 24.58, 24.21, 24.19, 23.95, 23.93, 23.69, 23.67, 23.42, 23.41, 23.22, 23.17, 23.01, 22.98, 22.75, 22.74, 22.35, 22.34, 21.86, 21.78, 21.79, 21.67, 21.46, 21.44, 21.15, 21.14, 20.85, 20.82, 20.68, 20.67, 20.5, 20.49, 20.77, 20.77, 20.72, 20.62, 20.69, 20.65, 20.53, 20.6, 20.22, 20.23, 20.43, 20.43, 20.15, 20.16, 20.29, 20.27, 19.79, 19.79, 19.35, 19.32, 19.55, 19.56, 19.67, 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Pure current integration drifts linearly; estimators that also use voltage should correct it.", "cycle": "US06", "group": "offset", "label": "Current-sensor offset -0.3 A — m1000 US06 at -10 °C", "actual": [ 100, 99.99, 99.12, 99.08, 98.24, 98.38, 97.54, 97.11, 96.53, 96.53, 95.62, 94.97, 94.82, 94.56, 93.85, 93.86, 93.85, 93.69, 93.5, 93.5, 92.95, 92.82, 91.88, 91.51, 91.91, 91.05, 91.01, 90.43, 89.86, 89.81, 88.56, 88.53, 87.95, 87.73, 87.27, 87.26, 87.42, 87.27, 86.72, 86.95, 86.7, 86.64, 85.69, 85.85, 84.98, 84.94, 84.35, 83.64, 83.24, 83.09, 82.53, 82.27, 81.46, 81.46, 81.53, 81.44, 81.15, 81.24, 80.7, 80.74, 80.01, 80.01, 79.73, 79.66, 79.01, 78.53, 77.88, 77.87, 77.39, 76.6, 75.96, 75.95, 75.31, 75.23, 75.43, 75.4, 74.69, 74.69, 74.75, 74.71, 73.54, 73.56, 73.03, 73.03, 72.27, 72.26, 71.5, 71.47, 70.57, 70.42, 69.52, 69.52, 69.2, 69.38, 69.25, 69.32, 68.95, 68.95, 68.02, 68.01, 67.88, 67.88, 66.99, 66.68, 65.96, 65.95, 64.99, 64.66, 63.97, 63.96, 63.24, 63.24, 63.13, 63.29, 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J. Kollmeyer, M. Naguib, F. Khanum, A. Emadi, ITEC 2022, doi:10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813996" }